Top 10 megaprojects for 2025–2030

by admin October 8, 2025 1447 12 min read

This expert snapshot covers ten megaprojects scheduled to drive global capex and structural change through 2030. We prioritise projects with (1) committed or near-final investment decisions, (2) identifiable delivery milestones during 2025–2030, and (3) transformative economic effects—energy security, manufacturing reshoring, urban/regional integration, or climate transition. Where applicable we flag PPP (public–private partnership) structures or state–corporate hybrids (sovereign funds, export-credit, state-owned enterprises).

How to read each card

Cost (Capex): planning ranges rounded to the nearest whole number; escalation risk noted.
Window: key phases that touch 2025–2030 (not necessarily full completion).
Model: sovereign, PPP, state-owned enterprise (SOE), or mixed finance.
Impact: what changes on the ground—jobs, supply chains, emissions, trade routes.

Megaproject risk factors

Inflation & FX Supply-chain capacity Permitting & social licence Contract strategy (EPC/PPP) Interface risk on multi-package scopes

Cost/benefit outcomes hinge on disciplined scope, indexation clauses, and robust risk transfer in PPPs.

Ranked Megaprojects (2025–2030 window)

NEOM (incl. The Line, Oxagon, Trojena) — Saudi Arabia

Cost: ~US$500B (multi-decade) Window: 2025–2030 early districts Model: Sovereign + SOEs + PPP packages

The flagship of Vision 2030 blends advanced urbanism, logistics and tourism. Near-term emphasis is enabling works, logistics/ports (Oxagon) and hospitality clusters. Effects: high-skilled jobs, contractor capacity building, regional tourism flows, and demonstration of low-carbon utilities at city scale.

Nusantara New Capital (IKN) — Indonesia

Cost: ~US$32–35B (Phase 1–2) Window: 2025–2030 core districts & admin move Model: PPP + state budget + SOE joint ventures

Indonesia relocates its capital to East Kalimantan to ease Jakarta’s strain and rebalance development. PPP and land-value capture underpin housing, utilities and transit. Impact: construction employment, eastern-Indonesia supply chains, and long-horizon productivity gains from decongestion.

Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail — India

Cost: ~US$18–20B Window: 2027–2030 staged commissioning Model: Sovereign + JBIC financing; EPC packages

India’s first true HSR corridor (Shinkansen tech) cuts end-to-end travel to ~2 hours, catalysing an industrial arc in western India. Effects: time savings, agglomeration benefits, localisation of rail systems, and a template for subsequent corridors.

North Field Expansion (LNG) — Qatar

Cost: ~US$50–60B (NFE/NFS phases) Window: 2025–2028 ramp-up Model: State company with IOC JVs

The world’s largest LNG capacity build adds major volumes to global gas markets. Impact: energy-security diversification for Asia & Europe, long-term offtake visibility, and substantial EPC/export-credit activity.

Egypt High-Speed & Intercity Rail Program — Egypt

Cost: ~US$23B (multi-line) Window: 2025–2030 phased sections Model: EPC + sovereign; O&M concessions possible

A new electrified network (Red/Green/Blue alignments) connects the Red Sea, Nile Valley and Mediterranean. Benefits: logistics speed, tourism connectivity, and sizeable localisation of rolling-stock/service jobs.

Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant (4×VVER-1200) — Türkiye

Cost: ~US$20B Window: 2025–2028 unit completions Model: Build-Own-Operate (long-term PPA)

Türkiye’s first commercial nuclear plant adds baseload capacity and reduces gas import dependence. Effect: grid stability, industrial decarbonisation option, high-skill workforce development along the southern coast.

Sizewell C Nuclear — United Kingdom

Cost: ~£20–35B (est.) Window: 2025–2030 main-works peak Model: Regulated Asset Base (RAB) + state/utility equity

A twin-unit EPR project to complement Hinkley Point C. RAB financing lowers weighted average cost of capital versus classic CfD. Impact: skilled jobs in East Anglia, domestic supply chains, and firm low-carbon generation for the UK.

US Advanced Semiconductor Fabs (Intel Ohio, TSMC Arizona, Samsung Texas) — United States

Cost: >US$100B (portfolio) Window: 2025–2030 tool-in & volume ramp Model: Federal/State incentives + private capex

A reshoring wave under the CHIPS & Science Act rebuilds cutting-edge logic and memory capacity. Effects: high-value jobs, supplier ecosystems (chemicals, equipment, specialty gases), and strategic resilience of advanced nodes.

Inland Rail (Melbourne–Brisbane) — Australia

Cost: ~A$30–31B (and rising) Window: 2025–2030 major civil packages Model: State-owned (ARTC) with PPP components

A spine for double-stack freight linking eastern-seaboard supply chains. Impact: faster intermodal transit, emissions gains vs long-haul trucking, and regional jobs across NSW/QLD/VIC.

European Hydrogen Backbone (early corridors incl. H2Med) — EU

Cost: tens of billions (phased) Window: 2025–2030 first cross-border links Model: Regulated TSO capex + EU funding

Repurposed gas lines and new pipelines to move renewable hydrogen from Iberia & North Sea clusters to industrial demand centres. Impact: decarbonisation options for steel/chemicals, new investment along ports, and anchoring of offshore-wind build-out.

Why these ten? Each combines material capex with visible 2025–2030 milestones and clear economic externalities. Several rely on PPP or quasi-PPP models (availability-based payments, RAB, concession/BOO), showcasing how risk allocation and tariff design can crowd in private capital at scale.

Megaproject Cost Board — Approx. Capex (US$) for 2025–2030 Phases

NEOM (Saudi Arabia)

~$500B

US Advanced Semiconductor Fabs

$100B+

EU Hydrogen Backbone (phase)

~$60B

Qatar North Field Expansion

~$55B

Nusantara New Capital (Indonesia)

~$35B

Sizewell C (United Kingdom)

~$30B

Egypt High-Speed Rail Program

~$23B

Inland Rail (Australia)

~$21B

Akkuyu NPP (Türkiye)

~$20B

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Primary Sources (official / government or operator)