U.S. Banks Where Loan Growth Outpaced Deposit Growth: Q2 2026
Which Major U.S. Banks Had Loans Outpace Deposits in 2026?
Charles Schwab Bank recorded the largest difference between annual loan growth and deposit growth among the 25 largest U.S. bank charters reviewed for the second quarter of 2026. Its gross loans increased 39.06% from a year earlier, compared with 7.49% growth in deposits, producing a 31.57-percentage-point gap. The Bank of New York Mellon ranked second at 24.54 points, followed by Morgan Stanley Private Bank at 20.23 points.
Across the 25-bank cohort, 16 institutions reported a positive difference between the two growth rates. Fourteen expanded their loan portfolios faster than their deposits. The other two, BMO Bank and TD Bank, experienced declines in both balances, but loans contracted more slowly than deposits. Both situations increased the gross loan-to-deposit ratio (LDR).
The ranking compares June 30, 2026 with June 30, 2025. Banks are ordered by gross loan growth minus total deposit growth, measured in percentage points, from highest to lowest. Each bank is treated as an individual reporting institution rather than part of a consolidated holding company.
The table is a compiled research dataset based on three independent publishing organizations, with row-level source and method notes shown in the ranking table. The publishers use FFIEC Call Report information as their underlying regulatory data. The growth gaps and estimated LDR changes are calculated from observed inputs, not an official forecast or projection.
Snapshot: Q2 2026 (June 30, 2026). Comparison: Q2 2025. Coverage: 25 largest U.S. bank charters by Q2 2026 assets; 16 with positive growth gaps. Metric: gross loan growth minus total deposit growth. Unit: percentage points (pp). Direction: descending. Ranking status: 16 calculated_value entries, 0 official forecasts, 0 modeled projections. Source retrieval date: October 30, 2026.
Charles Schwab Bank: loans +39.06%; deposits +7.49%.
KeyBank: loans +4.35%; deposits +4.26%.
64% of the reviewed largest-bank cohort, including two banks with declining loans and deposits.
Morgan Stanley Private Bank. Q2 2026 gross LDR: 88.47%. All changes are year over year and calculated from observed inputs.
Overview: Why Loan and Deposit Growth Need to Be Compared
The loan-to-deposit ratio measures how much a bank has lent relative to its deposit base. When gross loans grow faster than total deposits, the ratio increases. This can happen while both balances are rising, or while both are falling.
That distinction changes how the results should be read. Charles Schwab Bank increased its loan portfolio substantially faster than its deposits. BMO Bank, by contrast, reported a 0.48% decline in loans and a 2.57% decline in deposits. Its positive 2.09-point growth gap reflects a smaller contraction in loans, not an expansion of lending.
The same pattern appears at TD Bank, where loans decreased 3.60% while deposits fell 5.33%. TD's positive gap is 1.73 percentage points. Excluding these banks would produce a ranking of banks with positive loan growth, but not a complete comparison of positive loan-minus-deposit growth differences within the 25-bank cohort.
The wider banking industry also experienced faster loan growth than deposit growth. BankRegReports' matched panel of 4,193 institutions reported a 9.3% increase in loans and leases between Q2 2025 and Q2 2026, compared with 7.3% growth in deposits. That produces a 2.0-percentage-point difference for the industry panel. It is a separate population from this largest-bank ranking.
The growth gap should not be confused with the change in LDR. A bank's starting loan-to-deposit ratio determines how strongly a difference in growth rates changes the ratio. The comparison between BNY Mellon and Morgan Stanley Private Bank illustrates this particularly clearly.
Top 10 Banks by Loan Growth Minus Deposit Growth
Three banks stand apart at the top. Charles Schwab Bank, BNY Mellon and Morgan Stanley Private Bank each recorded a growth gap exceeding 20 percentage points. Fourth-ranked PNC was substantially lower at 6.87 points.
Top 10 of 16 qualifying banks, Q2 2026 versus Q2 2025
| Rank | Bank | Growth gap | Gross LDR / Source note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Charles Schwab Bank, SSB | +31.57 pp | 29.87% gross LDR; estimated annual change +6.78 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 2 | The Bank of New York Mellon | +24.54 pp | 12.52% gross LDR; estimated annual change +2.34 pp. BankRegReports, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 3 | Morgan Stanley Private Bank, N.A. | +20.23 pp | 88.47% gross LDR; estimated annual change +14.93 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 4 | PNC Bank, N.A. | +6.87 pp | 80.72% gross LDR; estimated annual change +4.93 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 5 | U.S. Bank, N.A. | +5.79 pp | 76.28% gross LDR; estimated annual change +4.09 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 6 | Bank of America, N.A. | +5.41 pp | 57.10% gross LDR; estimated annual change +2.91 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 7 | American Express National Bank | +5.34 pp | 100.45% gross LDR; estimated annual change +5.00 pp. BankRegReports, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 8 | The Huntington National Bank | +5.20 pp | 84.18% gross LDR; estimated annual change +3.11 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. Merger-affected. |
| 9 | Ally Bank | +4.51 pp | 91.87% gross LDR; estimated annual change +3.84 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
| 10 | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | +3.73 pp | 55.37% gross LDR; estimated annual change +1.89 pp. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025; calculated_value. |
Ranking values are differences between annual percentage growth rates. LDR changes are approximate percentage-point changes calculated from the published current gross LDR and observed growth rates.
Chart: Loan Growth Advantage Across 16 Banks
The bars compare loan growth with deposit growth, using the same percentage-point gaps as the full ranking. The final two entries above KeyBank, BMO and TD, have positive gaps despite shrinking loan portfolios.
All 16 values match the full ranking. Bar lengths are proportional to the growth gaps, using Charles Schwab Bank's 31.57 percentage points as the 100% reference. These are not loan balances, dollar shares or measures of total banking-system concentration.
Methodology: Calculating Loan Growth, Deposit Growth and LDR Changes
Reporting periods
June 30, 2026 versus June 30, 2025. Both dates represent quarter-end balance sheets. Quarterly annualized growth rates are not used.
Bank universe
The 25 largest U.S. individual bank charters by assets at June 30, 2026, according to the BankRegReports asset ranking. Holding companies and their subsidiaries are not consolidated together.
Inclusion criterion
Gross loan growth must exceed total deposit growth. Both growth rates may be positive or negative. A bank qualifies when the difference is greater than zero.
Ranking status and unit
The metric is a calculated_value measured in percentage points. The ranking uses descending order. Observed input values come from Q2 2026 Call Report-derived industry datasets.
Formulas
Loan growth (%) = 100 x (Gross loans in Q2 2026 / Gross loans in Q2 2025 - 1)
Deposit growth (%) = 100 x (Total deposits in Q2 2026 / Total deposits in Q2 2025 - 1)
Growth gap (pp) = Loan growth (%) - Deposit growth (%)
Gross LDR (%) = 100 x Gross loans and leases / Total deposits
Estimated prior-year LDR = Current LDR x (100 + Deposit growth) / (100 + Loan growth)
Estimated LDR change (pp) = Current LDR x Growth gap / (100 + Loan growth)
Gross loans and leases are measured before allowances for credit losses. Total deposits include the reporting bank's total deposit liabilities. The denominator for each annual growth calculation is the corresponding Q2 2025 balance.
The published growth rates and current LDR values are observed inputs. The growth gap and estimated change in LDR are StatRanker calculations. The reconstructed LDR change is approximate because source-published percentages are rounded. Directly published historical LDR observations are used as validation where available.
Example: BMO Bank
BMO Bank reported a 0.48% decline in gross loans and a 2.57% decline in total deposits. Its calculated growth gap is -0.48 - (-2.57) = +2.09 percentage points.
Applying that gap to its June 2026 gross LDR of 72.96% produces an estimated increase of approximately 1.53 percentage points. The directly published quarterly LDR series shows 71.42% in Q2 2025 and 72.96% in Q2 2026, a displayed increase of 1.54 points. The small difference is attributable to rounding in the published growth inputs.
This is a case of slower loan contraction relative to deposit contraction. It must not be described as positive loan growth.
Example: TD Bank
TD Bank reported gross loan growth of -3.60% and deposit growth of -5.33%. The difference is +1.73 percentage points. Its gross LDR increased from approximately 58.48% to 59.55%, a change of about 1.07 points.
Screening All 25 Banks
Sixteen banks have positive growth gaps. The other nine from the starting asset cohort are Citibank, Wells Fargo Bank, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Capital One, Morgan Stanley Bank, State Street Bank and Trust Company, First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company, Citizens Bank and Northern Trust.
These nine are excluded because loan growth did not exceed deposit growth over the selected comparison period. For example, Wells Fargo Bank reported 11.53% gross loan growth against 11.78% deposit growth. First-Citizens reported 6.85% loan growth against 8.52% deposit growth. Citizens Bank's gross LDR fell from 79.17% to 79.08%, consistent with a negative loan-minus-deposit growth gap.
Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. and Morgan Stanley Private Bank, N.A. are separate charters in the starting universe. Only Morgan Stanley Private Bank meets the positive-gap criterion. They are not combined or treated as interchangeable entities.
Source Roles and Validation
The numeric sources are Depository 360, BankRegReports and Bank Data Insights. They publish institution-level observed banking statistics derived from regulatory filings. Their underlying FFIEC Call Report foundation is shared and does not represent three independent regulatory surveys.
BankRegReports also defines the starting asset-ranked cohort and validates gross LDR values. FFIEC provides the official regulatory reporting framework. FDIC Quarterly Banking Profile information supplies industry context. Company announcements and SEC filings document acquisitions affecting comparability.
Source values are not averaged when they conflict. Gross loans are preferred over net loans for this metric. Year-over-year growth is kept separate from quarterly annualized growth. Official regulatory reporting definitions take priority over industry interpretations.
Merger-Affected Banks
Huntington National Bank and Fifth Third Bank remain in the ranking because their reported charter-level loan growth exceeded deposit growth. However, Huntington's acquisitions of Veritex and Cadence and Fifth Third's combination with Comerica materially affect comparisons with Q2 2025.
No unsupported organic-growth adjustment has been applied. The reported figures describe changes in the bank charters' balance sheets, including the effects of acquired operations.
Rounding and Limitations
Growth gaps are calculated using the observed year-over-year percentages supplied by the numeric sources and displayed to two decimal places. LDR changes are reconstructed from those percentages and current gross LDR values, then rounded to two decimals. Small differences from directly published historical ratios can arise from source rounding.
All included reporting periods are Q2 2026 and Q2 2025. No earlier-year observations are substituted for missing values. No forecast or synthetic 2026 balance is used.
This metric does not measure loan quality, organic lending growth, insured deposit coverage, deposit funding cost, liquidity coverage, capital adequacy, profitability, bankruptcy risk or the volume of loans originated during the quarter. It is a comparison of reported balance-sheet stocks across two dates.
Full Ranking: 16 U.S. Banks With Positive Loan-Deposit Growth Gaps
The ranking covers every qualifying bank in the reviewed 25-charter cohort. The source notes identify the observed loan and deposit growth rates, current gross LDR and calculated change in LDR. BMO and TD are retained because their positive differences are mathematically comparable, even though both reported declining loans.
Showing 16 of 16 banks
Ranking by annual loan growth minus deposit growth, Q2 2026
| Rank | Bank | Growth gap | Source / Method note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Charles Schwab Bank, SSB | +31.57 pp | TX; FDIC 57450. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +39.06%; deposits +7.49%; gap = 39.06 - 7.49. Gross LDR 29.87%; estimated change +6.78 pp. calculated_value. |
| 2 | The Bank of New York Mellon | +24.54 pp | NY; FDIC 639. BankRegReports, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +31.56%; deposits +7.02%; gap = 31.56 - 7.02. Gross LDR 12.52%; estimated change +2.34 pp. calculated_value. |
| 3 | Morgan Stanley Private Bank, N.A. | +20.23 pp | NY; FDIC 34221. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +19.86%; deposits -0.37%; gap = 19.86 - (-0.37). Gross LDR 88.47%; estimated change +14.93 pp. calculated_value. |
| 4 | PNC Bank, N.A. | +6.87 pp | DE; FDIC 6384. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +12.59%; deposits +5.72%; gap = 12.59 - 5.72. Gross LDR 80.72%; estimated change +4.93 pp. calculated_value. |
| 5 | U.S. Bank, N.A. | +5.79 pp | OH; FDIC 6548. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +8.05%; deposits +2.26%; gap = 8.05 - 2.26. Gross LDR 76.28%; estimated change +4.09 pp. calculated_value. |
| 6 | Bank of America, N.A. | +5.41 pp | NC; FDIC 3510. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +6.00%; deposits +0.59%; gap = 6.00 - 0.59. Gross LDR 57.10%; estimated change +2.91 pp. calculated_value. |
| 7 | American Express National Bank | +5.34 pp | UT; FDIC 27471. BankRegReports, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +7.18%; deposits +1.84%; gap = 7.18 - 1.84. Gross LDR 100.45%; estimated change +5.00 pp. calculated_value. |
| 8 | The Huntington National Bank | +5.20 pp | OH; FDIC 6560. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +40.87%; deposits +35.67%; gap = 40.87 - 35.67. Gross LDR 84.18%; estimated change +3.11 pp. Merger-affected; calculated_value. |
| 9 | Ally Bank | +4.51 pp | UT; FDIC 57803. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +8.02%; deposits +3.51%; gap = 8.02 - 3.51. Gross LDR 91.87%; estimated change +3.84 pp. calculated_value. |
| 10 | JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. | +3.73 pp | OH; FDIC 628. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +9.39%; deposits +5.66%; gap = 9.39 - 5.66. Gross LDR 55.37%; estimated change +1.89 pp. calculated_value. |
| 11 | Truist Bank | +3.46 pp | NC; FDIC 9846. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +3.86%; deposits +0.40%; gap = 3.86 - 0.40. Gross LDR 79.23%; estimated change +2.64 pp. calculated_value. |
| 12 | Manufacturers and Traders Trust Company (M&T Bank) | +2.90 pp | NY; FDIC 588. Bank Data Insights, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +5.23%; deposits +2.33%; gap = 5.23 - 2.33. Gross LDR 83.15%; estimated change +2.29 pp. Gross LDR validated against BankRegReports; calculated_value. |
| 13 | Fifth Third Bank, N.A. | +2.32 pp | OH; FDIC 6672. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +45.80%; deposits +43.48%; gap = 45.80 - 43.48. Gross LDR 74.46%; estimated change +1.18 pp. Comerica merger affects comparability; calculated_value. |
| 14 | BMO Bank, N.A. | +2.09 pp | IL; FDIC 16571. BankRegReports, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans -0.48%; deposits -2.57%; gap = -0.48 - (-2.57). Gross LDR 72.96%; estimated change +1.53 pp. Both balances declined; calculated_value. |
| 15 | TD Bank, N.A. | +1.73 pp | DE; FDIC 18409. Bank Data Insights, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans -3.60%; deposits -5.33%; gap = -3.60 - (-5.33). Gross LDR 59.55%; estimated change +1.07 pp. Both balances declined; calculated_value. |
| 16 | KeyBank, N.A. | +0.09 pp | OH; FDIC 17534. Depository 360, Q2 2026 vs Q2 2025. Loans +4.35%; deposits +4.26%; gap = 4.35 - 4.26. Gross LDR 70.55%; estimated change +0.06 pp. calculated_value. |
Rank is fixed by the observed growth gap, not by the current LDR level. All growth-gap rows have status calculated_value. The estimated LDR change follows the formula disclosed in Methodology. No forecast values are included.
What the 16-Bank Comparison Reveals
Key Insight: A Large Gap After the Top Three
Charles Schwab Bank leads BNY Mellon by 7.03 percentage points, with growth gaps of 31.57 and 24.54 points respectively. Morgan Stanley Private Bank follows at 20.23 points. The next bank, PNC, is at 6.87 points, leaving a 13.36-point difference between third and fourth place. No other bank in the reviewed cohort approaches the top three.
Notable Pattern: The Mean Is Higher Than the Median
The arithmetic mean growth gap for the 16 banks is 7.86 percentage points. The median is 4.86 points. The difference reflects the unusually large gaps at the top. Eight banks recorded differences of at least five points, while the other eight were below that threshold. Excluding merger-affected Huntington and Fifth Third leaves a median of approximately 4.93 points across 14 banks, without attempting to estimate organic growth.
Regional Concentration: Ohio and New York Headquarters
Five qualifying charters are headquartered in Ohio: JPMorgan Chase, U.S. Bank, Huntington, Fifth Third and KeyBank. That is 31.25% of the 16-bank group. New York accounts for three banks, or 18.75%. Delaware, North Carolina and Utah each account for two, while Texas and Illinois have one each. This counts charter headquarters, not lending or deposit activity by state.
Outlier: The Largest Growth Gap Is Not the Largest LDR Increase
BNY Mellon's 24.54-point growth gap corresponds to an estimated LDR increase of only 2.34 points because its current gross LDR is 12.52%. Morgan Stanley Private Bank has a smaller 20.23-point growth gap but an estimated LDR increase of 14.93 points, reaching 88.47%. The starting ratio, not just the growth gap, determines the size of the LDR movement.
How to Interpret a Rising Loan-to-Deposit Ratio
A rising LDR indicates that loans have become larger relative to deposits. It does not establish whether the bank has insufficient liquidity or whether its lending strategy is becoming riskier.
Consider American Express National Bank. Its gross LDR reached 100.45% in Q2 2026, compared with approximately 95.45% a year earlier. Gross loans now slightly exceed reported deposits. That makes its funding mix worth examining, but it does not by itself indicate insolvency or a regulatory violation.
BNY Mellon presents a very different case. Even after a substantial positive growth gap, its gross LDR was only 12.52%. Its balance sheet cannot be assessed using the same assumptions as a consumer lender with a ratio near or above 100%.
The two banks with declining loans and deposits should also be read separately. BMO and TD experienced positive growth gaps because deposit balances fell faster than loan balances. Their higher LDRs do not establish increased credit creation.
Huntington and Fifth Third require a further distinction. Their published year-over-year changes include material acquisition effects. Comparing reported charter balances is legitimate, but interpreting all that growth as internally generated would be misleading.
Readers assessing funding resilience should consider the composition and cost of deposits, wholesale funding, available liquid assets, loan quality and capital alongside the LDR. This ranking does not incorporate those additional measures into a bank safety score.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which major U.S. bank had the widest loan-minus-deposit growth gap in Q2 2026?
Charles Schwab Bank ranked first among the 25 largest bank charters reviewed. Its gross loans grew 39.06% year over year, while deposits grew 7.49%, giving a calculated gap of 31.57 percentage points.
How many of the largest U.S. banks had positive loan-deposit growth gaps?
Sixteen of the 25 reviewed bank charters had positive differences. Fourteen had positive loan growth, while BMO and TD reported declining loans and deposits, with deposits falling faster.
Does a positive growth gap always mean that lending increased?
No. A bank can record a positive gap when both loans and deposits fall, provided loans fall by a smaller percentage. BMO's -0.48% loan growth and -2.57% deposit growth produce a positive 2.09-point gap.
Why did Morgan Stanley Private Bank have the largest estimated LDR increase?
Its gross LDR reached 88.47% after loans grew 19.86% and deposits declined 0.37%. The estimated year-over-year increase is 14.93 percentage points. A relatively high starting LDR makes the ratio more sensitive to a given difference in growth rates.
What is the difference between loan growth and the loan-to-deposit ratio?
Loan growth measures the percentage change in outstanding loans over time. The loan-to-deposit ratio measures outstanding loans relative to deposits at a particular date. Their units and interpretations differ.
Are these official FDIC forecasts for 2026?
No. The underlying figures are observed banking data derived from Q2 2026 and Q2 2025 regulatory reports. The growth gaps and approximate LDR changes are calculated from those inputs. There are no forecasts or modeled projections.
Why are Huntington and Fifth Third flagged?
Both experienced significant corporate transactions affecting year-over-year comparability. Huntington acquired Veritex and Cadence, while Fifth Third combined with Comerica. Their published balance-sheet changes cannot be treated as purely organic growth.
Does a loan-to-deposit ratio above 100% mean a bank is insolvent?
No. It means gross loans exceed total deposits at the reporting date. Banks can also fund assets through other liabilities and capital. Solvency and liquidity require broader analysis.
Why are there 16 banks in the ranking rather than all 25?
The starting universe includes the 25 largest individual bank charters by Q2 2026 assets. Only institutions with loan growth exceeding deposit growth are ranked. The other nine have zero or negative differences and therefore do not qualify.
What does the 2026 snapshot compare?
The analysis compares quarter-end gross loans and total deposits on June 30, 2026 with the corresponding balances on June 30, 2025. It does not use average quarterly balances or quarterly annualized growth measures.
Sources and Data Provenance
The ranking combines bank-level observations from three independent publishing organizations. The underlying figures originate from the FFIEC Call Report system. Regulatory and corporate sources provide definitions, validation and merger context; they are not counted as additional independent numerical datasets.
Depository 360 - Institution Financials
Observed year-over-year loan and deposit growth for 11 banks. Individual reporting institutions are identified by FDIC certificate number.
BankRegReports - Balance-Sheet Growth
Observed year-over-year gross loan and total deposit growth for BNY Mellon, American Express National Bank and BMO Bank, including Q2 2026 reporting dates.
Bank Data Insights - Bank Performance
Observed gross loan growth and total deposit growth for M&T Bank and TD Bank. Values are identified by reporting quarter and regulatory source fields.
BankRegReports - Largest Banks by Assets
Defines the Q2 2026 starting universe of 25 individual bank charters. Asset ranking is used for selection only, not for the loan-deposit growth ordering.
BankRegReports - Gross Loan-to-Deposit Ratios
Used to validate current gross LDR levels and historical changes. This avoids confusing gross loans with net loans and leases after credit-loss allowances.
Bank Data Insights - Excluded Bank Checks
Independent review of loan and deposit growth for banks that did not qualify for the positive-gap ranking.
FFIEC - Call Report Data
Official regulatory reporting framework for bank balance sheets, gross loans and leases, deposits and quarterly comparison periods.
BankRegReports - Quarterly U.S. Banking Report
Industry-level comparison covering 4,193 matched bank charters in Q2 2025 and Q2 2026. Its aggregate loan and deposit growth figures are not substituted for institution-level ranking values.
FDIC - Q2 2026 Quarterly Banking Profile
Official industry context for lending, deposit trends and the condition of FDIC-insured institutions. Not used to supply individual ranking rows.
Huntington - Merger History and Cadence Acquisition
Primary corporate documentation for Veritex and Cadence transactions affecting year-over-year comparability.
Fifth Third - Comerica Transaction
Company announcement documenting completion of the transaction in February 2026. Used to identify an acquisition-related comparability limitation.
