Top 10 Graphite Producing Countries in 2025: A Comprehensive Analysis
2025 Natural Graphite Production: Top 10 Snapshot
According to U.S. Geological Survey 2025 estimates, China was the world’s largest natural graphite mine producer at 1,400,000 metric tons. Madagascar ranked second with 80,000 metric tons, followed by Tanzania at 75,000, Brazil at 65,000, and Mozambique at 60,000.
This page focuses specifically on the Top 10 countries by natural graphite mine production in 2025. It ranks mine output in metric tons and does not rank synthetic graphite production, reserves, refining capacity, exports, or battery-anode manufacturing.
Source type: official U.S. Geological Survey data. Snapshot: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 using the source’s 2025 estimated values (“2025e”). Coverage: Top 10 of 18 countries with positive 2025e mine production individually listed by USGS. Direction: higher production ranks higher. Status mix: 10 official_value rows; 0 calculated_value; 0 official_forecast; 0 modeled_projection.
China leads the USGS 2025e Top 10.
Madagascar ranks second.
Norway is tenth; Canada and North Korea share rank 8.
Top 10 positive producers · metric tons · USGS 2025e.
How the Top 10 Compare
Production is highly concentrated at the top. China’s estimated output is on a different scale from every other country, while Madagascar, Tanzania, Brazil, and Mozambique form a much narrower group between 60,000 and 80,000 metric tons.
Using the 2024 comparison values published in Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Tanzania rises from 27,000 metric tons in 2024 to 75,000 in 2025e, Mozambique rises from 39,000 to 60,000, and China rises from 1.27 million to 1.40 million metric tons. USGS notes that significant revisions were made to 2024 production for several countries, including Tanzania and Mozambique, based on company and Government reports.
Scope: this is a Top 10 mine-production analysis, not a complete producer directory. Natural graphite processing, synthetic graphite, reserves, and downstream battery-material manufacturing are outside the ranking metric.
Top 10 Natural Graphite Producing Countries in 2025
The table shows the ten highest positive country values in the USGS 2025e natural graphite world mine-production table. Canada and North Korea each have 8,000 metric tons, so they share rank 8 and the next position is rank 10.
At-a-glance Top 10 · natural graphite mine production · metric tons
| Rank | Country | Production | Source / method note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,400,000 t | East Asia · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 2 | Madagascar | 80,000 t | Africa · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 3 | Tanzania | 75,000 t | Africa · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 4 | Brazil | 65,000 t | South America · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 5 | Mozambique | 60,000 t | Africa · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 6 | Russia | 25,000 t | Eurasia · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 7 | India | 17,000 t | South Asia · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
| 8 | Canada | 8,000 t | North America · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value · tied at 8,000 t. |
| 8 | North Korea | 8,000 t | East Asia · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value · source label “Korea, North” · tied at 8,000 t. |
| 10 | Norway | 6,600 t | Europe · USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official_value. |
Regional labels are editorial geographic groupings used only for readability and filtering. They are not USGS classifications and do not affect rank.
Top 10 Production Chart
The chart uses the same raw USGS values as the tables. China is the scale outlier, while positions 2 through 5 are grouped between 60,000 and 80,000 metric tons.
Methodology for the Top 10 Ranking
The ranking uses the natural graphite world mine-production table in the U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026. USGS individually lists 18 countries with positive 2025e mine production; this analysis intentionally covers only the ten highest values.
Metric and unit
Natural graphite mine production, measured in metric tons. Higher mine output ranks higher.
Year and status
Target year: 2025. USGS marks the values as estimated (“2025e”). Each row is classified as official_value because USGS publishes the value directly; the figures are estimates rather than final country-reported totals.
Ranking rule
Countries are sorted by raw 2025e mine-production value in descending order. Equal values share the same rank.
Top 10 scope
The article selects the ten highest positive country values from the 18 positive producers individually listed by USGS. Countries below the Top 10 are outside this page’s scope.
Source hierarchy
The official USGS table controls every numeric rank. Secondary commercial or media estimates are not blended into the ranking.
Regional labels
Regions are editorial geographic groupings used only for filtering and descriptive context. They are not USGS classifications.
Included
- Natural graphite: mine production for target year 2025.
- Country values: directly published USGS 2025 estimates, shown by USGS as 2025e.
- Ties: equal raw production values share the same rank.
Excluded
- Synthetic graphite production.
- Reserves and geological resources.
- Mine capacity and planned projects.
- Purification and spherical graphite output.
- Anode active material production.
- Exports, imports, grade, purity, and production cost.
No production value is interpolated, modeled from a growth rate, or derived from mine capacity. For year-on-year comparisons, this page uses the 2024 values published in MCS 2026, including revisions identified by USGS.
Interactive Top 10 Ranking
Search, filter, or sort the confirmed Top 10. Rank is based on raw USGS 2025e mine production.
Interactive Top 10 · USGS MCS 2026 · target year 2025 · source notation 2025e
| Rank | Country | Production | Source / method note |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | China | 1,400,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 2 | Madagascar | 80,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 3 | Tanzania | 75,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 4 | Brazil | 65,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 5 | Mozambique | 60,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 6 | Russia | 25,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 7 | India | 17,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
| 8 | Canada | 8,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · tied at 8,000 t. official_value |
| 8 | North Korea | 8,000 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · source label “Korea, North” · tied at 8,000 t. official_value |
| 10 | Norway | 6,600 t | USGS MCS 2026 · source year 2026 · target 2025e · official estimate. official_value |
All ten values come from the same official USGS table. This interactive section intentionally remains limited to the Top 10 rather than reproducing the full 18-country producer ranking.
Insights from the Top 10
Key Insight
China is the dominant outlier: its estimated 1.4 million metric tons are far above every other country in the Top 10.
Notable Pattern
Positions 2 through 5 are much closer together, with mine production ranging from 60,000 to 80,000 metric tons.
Regional Concentration
Madagascar, Tanzania, and Mozambique give Africa three of the first five positions in the Top 10.
Largest Top 10 Increase
Using the revised 2024 comparison values published in MCS 2026, Tanzania shows the largest proportional increase among the Top 10, rising from 27,000 metric tons in 2024 to 75,000 in 2025e.
How to Read This Top 10
The ranking measures upstream natural graphite mining scale. It shows where the largest quantities of natural graphite were estimated to be mined in 2025, not where graphite was refined, purified, converted into spherical graphite, or manufactured into battery anode material.
Mine production also differs from future supply potential. A country may hold large reserves or host major planned projects without producing comparable volumes in the target year. Grade, recovery, operating status, processing capability, and project economics are outside this ranking.
USGS marks the 2025 production values as estimates, so later editions may revise individual country figures.
FAQ
Which country produced the most natural graphite in 2025?
According to USGS 2025 estimates, China ranks first with natural graphite mine production of 1,400,000 metric tons.
Is this a complete ranking of every graphite-producing country?
No. This page intentionally focuses on the Top 10. USGS individually lists 18 countries with positive 2025e natural graphite mine production.
Are these final 2025 production figures?
No. USGS marks the 2025 column as estimated. The figures are official USGS-published estimates and may be revised in later editions.
Are these official published values?
Yes. Every ranking value is published directly by the U.S. Geological Survey, so each row is classified as official_value. The values are estimates rather than final country-reported totals.
Does the Top 10 include synthetic graphite?
No. The ranking covers natural graphite mine production only. Synthetic graphite is manufactured rather than mined.
Why do Canada and North Korea both rank eighth?
Both have a USGS 2025e value of 8,000 metric tons. Equal raw values share the same rank, so the next position is rank 10.
Does a high mining rank mean a country leads in battery anode production?
No. Mining and downstream graphite processing are separate stages and can occur in different countries.
Are graphite reserves included?
No. Reserves are a stock measure of economically recoverable material under defined conditions, while mine production is annual output.
Sources
U.S. Geological Survey — Graphite (Natural), Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Primary source for every 2025e Top 10 mine-production value, the 2024 comparison values, estimate notation, and revision notes used in this analysis.
https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-graphite.pdf
U.S. Geological Survey — Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026
Official publication record for the 2026 edition containing the 2025 world mineral-production estimates used for the ranking.
U.S. Geological Survey — Graphite Statistics and Information
Supporting official commodity reference for natural graphite statistics, terminology, and annual USGS publications.
