World leaders in fig production: Top 10 Countries in 2025
Figs (Ficus carica), one of the oldest cultivated fruits, have held a special place in human civilization for millennia. In 2025, figs are not only a staple in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern diets, but have also gained traction in health-conscious markets worldwide due to their nutritional value, unique taste, and versatility in both fresh and dried forms. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current fig production landscape, focusing on the top ten producing countries, global trends, and future market prospects.
The importance of fig production
Figs have been cultivated since ancient times and thrive in warm, dry climates with well-drained soils. Their adaptability allows them to thrive from the Mediterranean to parts of Asia and the Americas. According to recent FAO statistics and country-level agricultural reports, global fig production is estimated to exceed 1.35 million metric tons in 2025, reflecting gradual growth due to improved agronomic practices and rising global demand.
In addition to their cultural significance, figs are valued for their health benefits. Rich in fiber, natural sugars, vitamins and minerals (especially potassium and calcium), figs have enjoyed a resurgence in popularity among modern consumers seeking both nutrition and flavor.
Table 1: Top 10 Fig Producing Countries (Estimated Data for 2025)
Below is a table summarizing the world’s top ten fig producers, based on the latest agricultural statistics (2022-2024) and expert projections for 2025:
| Rank | Country | Production (metric tonnes) | Share of World (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Türkiye | 330,000 | ~24% |
| 2 | Egypt | 270,000 | ~20% |
| 3 | Morocco | 155,000 | ~11% |
| 4 | Algeria | 145,000 | ~11% |
| 5 | Iran | 116,000 | ~8% |
| 6 | Syria | 85,000 | ~6% |
| 7 | Spain | 54,000 | ~4% |
| 8 | Tunisia | 47,000 | ~3% |
| 9 | USA | 42,000 | ~3% |
| 10 | Afghanistan | 36,000 | ~2.5% |
Major producers and their role
Turkey remains the undisputed world leader in fig production, responsible for nearly a quarter of the global supply, thanks to its ideal Aegean climate and established export infrastructure. Egypt, Morocco and Algeria have all increased production over the past decade, driven by both domestic consumption and growing demand from Europe and the Gulf States. Iran and Syria have strong fig-growing traditions, although ongoing agricultural and trade challenges are affecting their export potential.
The Global Impact of Fig Markets
“The expansion of fig orchards in North Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean is a direct response to global consumer trends favoring natural sweeteners and traditional superfoods. Producers who invest in quality control and drying technologies are best positioned for future growth.”
— Dr. Leila Mansouri, Senior Researcher, International Fruit Markets Institute
Drivers of production growth in 2025
Several factors will influence fig production and international trade in 2025:
- Climate adaptation: Drought-tolerant fig varieties and efficient irrigation systems are critical in regions facing water scarcity.
- Market Diversification: Export markets in the EU, Russia and the Middle East support stable prices and steady demand.
- Processing Innovation: Advances in sun drying, dehydration, and packaging have raised quality standards and reduced post-harvest losses.
- Nutritional Demand: Rising interest in health foods, functional ingredients, and plant-based diets is supporting growth in consumption of both fresh and dried figs.
Table 2: Trends, Varieties and Regional Highlights
The following table takes a closer look at specific production trends, leading varieties, and regional strengths:
| Country | 2025 Trend | Notable Varieties / Regions |
|---|---|---|
| Türkiye | ↑ (+2%) | Aydın, Bursa; Sarılop, Black Bursa |
| Egypt | ↑ (+3%) | Matrouh, Marsa Alam; Sultani |
| Morocco | ↑ (+1.5%) | Taza, Taounate; Mission, Bither |
| Algeria | ↑ (+1%) | Béjaïa, Kabylie; Adriatic |
| Iran | ↔ Stable | Fars, Estahban; Sabz, Shah Anjir |
| Syria | ↓ (-1%) | Hama, Idlib; Ghazi |
| Spain | ↑ (+2%) | Extremadura, Andalusia; Calabacita |
| Tunisia | ↔ Stable | Cap Bon, Beja; Bouhouli |
| USA | ↑ (+1%) | California; Black Mission, Kadota |
| Afghanistan | ↑ (+3%) | Kandahar, Helmand; Shingai |
Mediterranean and North African Dominance
The Mediterranean basin, including Turkey, Spain, Tunisia and North African countries, remains the world’s powerhouse for both fresh and dried fig production. These regions offer ideal growing conditions, while well-established growing expertise and post-harvest infrastructure support high quality and export consistency. Newer producers in Central Asia and the Americas are growing rapidly, but the Mediterranean heritage is still unsurpassed.
Expert analysis and outlook
The global fig market is poised for continued expansion, but success will depend on resilience to climate change, investment in post-harvest technology, and access to high-quality export markets. Producers in Turkey and Egypt are expected to further consolidate their leadership through improved orchard management and international branding.
“With new varieties and advanced drying facilities, North African figs are now competitive in both quality and volume on the global stage. The next five years will see even greater market integration across the Mediterranean and beyond.”
— Prof. Javier Ortega, Mediterranean Agronomy Institute
Conclusion: The changing map of fig production
- Turkey, Egypt and Morocco are the global powerhouses, together producing more than half of the world’s figs in 2025.
- The North African and Mediterranean regions benefit from ideal climates and advanced agricultural practices, ensuring their dominance in both the fresh and dried segments.
- New technologies in irrigation, drying and logistics are allowing other countries, including the USA and Afghanistan, to increase their share.
- As climate conditions change, the most successful fig-producing countries will be those that combine traditional expertise with innovation and international cooperation.
As consumer interest in figs continues to grow for both health and taste, and as producers adapt to evolving global challenges, the outlook for the fig industry in 2025 is one of robust growth, rich diversity and expanding global reach.
