Top 100 Economies by GDP per Capita (PPP), 2025: Full Country Ranking
Why PPP-adjusted GDP per capita is the core benchmark of living standards in 2025
GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power parity (PPP) is the workhorse indicator for comparing material living standards across economies. By valuing output in a common, internationally comparable price set, PPP removes most of the distortions from exchange rates and local price levels. This ranking focuses on GDP per capita (PPP) in 2024 international dollars, used as the latest full-year proxy for a 2025 snapshot of income per person.
The global average PPP income is slightly above 27 thousand international dollars per person, but the highest ranked economies exceed 4–5 times that level. At the same time, many low-income countries remain below 5 thousand, underscoring the persistent gaps in productivity and living standards.
Figures are rounded and harmonised for cross-country comparability and serve analytical purposes, not as an official statistical release.
Top 10 economies at the frontier of PPP-adjusted incomes
The Top 10 is dominated by small, highly open economies with strong tradable sectors (finance, advanced services, high-end manufacturing) and, in several cases, substantial resource or tax-base advantages. Even within this group, there is meaningful heterogeneity between city-states, offshore financial hubs and large diversified economies.
A trade-intensive, services-driven hub with very high labour productivity and capital deepening. Singapore’s income level sits almost five times above the global PPP average, reflecting both advanced manufacturing and a dense concentration of high value-added services.
Luxembourg’s figure is boosted by a large cross-border workforce and a deep financial sector. Output generated in the country is spread over a relatively small resident population, lifting measured income per person.
Ireland’s PPP GDP per capita is strongly influenced by profit shifting of multinational firms in pharmaceuticals, tech and finance. Alternative domestic-income measures show lower, but still very high, living standards.
Macao’s ranking reflects extremely high value-added per resident in tourism and gaming. Revenues are highly cyclical and sensitive to travel demand, but per-capita PPP income remains among the world’s top.
Qatar combines large hydrocarbon rents, small population size and significant foreign labour. Non-oil diversification has advanced, but hydrocarbons still underpin exceptionally high PPP income.
A niche economy centred on re-insurance and offshore financial services. As in other financial centres, measured GDP per capita reflects activity relative to a small resident base.
Norway’s high incomes combine mature oil and gas production with strong institutions, a large sovereign wealth fund and diversified high-productivity services.
Switzerland retains one of the highest living standards worldwide, driven by advanced manufacturing, life sciences, finance and a highly skilled workforce.
Brunei’s PPP income level remains closely tied to oil and gas, though diversification into downstream processing and services is gradually expanding the economic base.
The United States is the highest-ranked large diversified economy. Its PPP income reflects leading positions in technology, finance and high-productivity services, but also masks sizable internal regional and distributional disparities.
Table 1. Top 10 economies by GDP per capita (PPP), 2025 snapshot
| Rank | Economy | GDP per capita (PPP, 2024 int$) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 132,570 |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 128,182 |
| 3 | Ireland | 115,337 |
| 4 | Macao SAR (China) | 112,844 |
| 5 | Qatar | 110,946 |
| 6 | Bermuda | 105,323 |
| 7 | Norway | 91,108 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 82,026 |
| 9 | Brunei Darussalam | 79,184 |
| 10 | United States | 75,492 |
Values are in constant 2021 international dollars, rounded to the nearest dollar. The full Top 100 ranking is provided in the next block.
Chart 1. GDP per capita (PPP) for the Top 20 economies
Chart shows PPP-adjusted GDP per capita for the Top 20 economies in the 2025 snapshot. Values are rounded and should be interpreted as indicative, not as a formal statistical release.
How the top 100 GDP per capita (PPP) economies are distributed in 2025
Once we move beyond the top 10, the global income landscape becomes more diverse. High-income OECD and small offshore economies dominate the upper third of the ranking, followed by a fast-converging group of Central and Eastern European members, Southern European catch-up economies and high-performing upper-middle-income countries in Latin America and Asia. The lower half of the top 100 is increasingly made up of large emerging markets, whose per capita incomes remain far below the rich-country frontier but have risen substantially over the past two decades.
The table below presents a full list of the top 100 economies by GDP per capita (PPP), using the latest harmonised PPP data (mostly 2024) as a practical proxy for a 2025 snapshot. The scatter plot that follows links these income levels with projected real GDP growth, illustrating the balance between level of development and current momentum.
Table 2. Top 100 economies by GDP per capita (PPP), around 2024–2025
GDP per capita based on purchasing power parity, in constant 2021 international dollars. Values draw primarily on World Bank PPP data (accessed via harmonised ranking datasets) for 2024 and are used as a 2025 “state of the world” snapshot. Figures are rounded; some small economies and territories are included where comparable PPP data exist.
| Rank | Economy | GDP per capita, PPP (international dollars) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Singapore | 132,570 |
| 2 | Luxembourg | 128,182 |
| 3 | Ireland | 115,337 |
| 4 | Macao SAR | 112,844 |
| 5 | Qatar | 110,946 |
| 6 | Bermuda | 105,323 |
| 7 | Norway | 91,108 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 82,026 |
| 9 | Brunei Darussalam | 79,184 |
| 10 | United States | 75,492 |
| 11 | Denmark | 73,709 |
| 12 | Netherlands | 70,902 |
| 13 | Guyana | 70,297 |
| 14 | United Arab Emirates | 68,585 |
| 15 | Hong Kong SAR | 66,171 |
| 16 | Andorra | 65,928 |
| 17 | Iceland | 65,645 |
| 18 | Austria | 63,314 |
| 19 | Sweden | 63,259 |
| 20 | Belgium | 63,083 |
| 21 | Germany | 62,830 |
| 22 | Saudi Arabia | 62,677 |
| 23 | Malta | 60,470 |
| 24 | Australia | 60,082 |
| 25 | Bahrain | 59,129 |
| 26 | Canada | 56,692 |
| 27 | Finland | 55,629 |
| 28 | France | 54,465 |
| 29 | Cyprus | 53,252 |
| 30 | Italy | 53,115 |
| 31 | United Kingdom | 52,518 |
| 32 | Slovenia | 48,496 |
| 33 | Spain | 48,373 |
| 34 | New Zealand | 48,163 |
| 35 | Czechia | 47,962 |
| 36 | Israel | 47,339 |
| 37 | Lithuania | 47,169 |
| 38 | Japan | 46,097 |
| 39 | Kuwait | 45,427 |
| 40 | Poland | 45,113 |
| 41 | Puerto Rico | 44,125 |
| 42 | Croatia | 42,631 |
| 43 | Portugal | 41,884 |
| 44 | Russia | 41,705 |
| 45 | Estonia | 41,546 |
| 46 | Hungary | 40,702 |
| 47 | Romania | 40,608 |
| 48 | Slovakia | 40,347 |
| 49 | Latvia | 38,936 |
| 50 | Greece | 37,753 |
| 51 | Oman | 36,654 |
| 52 | Panama | 36,426 |
| 53 | Bahamas | 36,244 |
| 54 | Kazakhstan | 35,905 |
| 55 | Turkey | 35,294 |
| 56 | Bulgaria | 34,083 |
| 57 | Malaysia | 34,072 |
| 58 | Uruguay | 32,039 |
| 59 | Trinidad and Tobago | 31,690 |
| 60 | Chile | 30,183 |
| 61 | Antigua and Barbuda | 29,562 |
| 62 | Seychelles | 29,242 |
| 63 | Belarus | 29,038 |
| 64 | Montenegro | 27,852 |
| 65 | Mauritius | 27,317 |
| 66 | Costa Rica | 26,973 |
| 67 | Serbia | 26,884 |
| 68 | Argentina | 26,547 |
| 69 | Georgia | 25,001 |
| 70 | North Macedonia | 24,464 |
| 71 | Saint Lucia | 24,252 |
| 72 | Dominican Republic | 24,229 |
| 73 | China | 23,846 |
| 74 | Maldives | 23,351 |
| 75 | Azerbaijan | 22,072 |
| 76 | Mexico | 22,033 |
| 77 | Thailand | 21,737 |
| 78 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 20,429 |
| 79 | Armenia | 20,079 |
| 80 | Barbados | 19,946 |
| 81 | Brazil | 19,648 |
| 82 | Suriname | 19,413 |
| 83 | Gabon | 18,923 |
| 84 | Albania | 18,920 |
| 85 | Dominica | 18,739 |
| 86 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 18,714 |
| 87 | Colombia | 18,504 |
| 88 | Botswana | 18,069 |
| 89 | Turkmenistan | 17,954 |
| 90 | Grenada | 17,742 |
| 91 | Mongolia | 16,801 |
| 92 | Egypt | 16,798 |
| 93 | Moldova | 16,466 |
| 94 | Ukraine | 16,320 |
| 95 | Paraguay | 16,296 |
| 96 | Iran | 16,224 |
| 97 | Peru | 15,662 |
| 98 | Equatorial Guinea | 15,454 |
| 99 | Algeria | 15,442 |
| 100 | Indonesia | 14,470 |
Figure 2. GDP per capita (PPP) vs. real GDP growth, selected economies, 2025
The second chart links income levels with projected real GDP growth for a selection of advanced and emerging economies. High-income countries typically grow more slowly in percentage terms because they already operate at the global productivity frontier, while upper-middle-income and large emerging markets often post faster growth as they catch up in technology and human capital.
GDP per capita is shown on the horizontal axis in thousands of international dollars (PPP), using the same PPP data as in Table 2. Real GDP growth on the vertical axis uses IMF World Economic Outlook projections for 2025, rounded and harmonised to show broad patterns rather than precise country forecasts.
What the 2025 GDP per capita (PPP) hierarchy tells us about the world economy
The ranking of GDP per capita (PPP) reinforces how concentrated very high income levels remain. The top of the table is dominated by small, service-oriented economies and energy exporters that combine high productivity with either favourable resource endowments or specialised financial and corporate-services roles. Many of these jurisdictions are also hubs for multinational profit shifting, which tends to inflate PPP GDP per capita relative to measures focused on resident-based disposable income.
Below this top tier we find a broader group of diversified advanced economies — the Nordics, Western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand — where per capita incomes typically lie between USD 50–65 thousand in PPP terms. Their challenge is not to achieve rapid percentage growth but to sustain productivity, inclusion and resilience as populations age and the low-inflation environment of the 2000s has given way to more volatile global conditions.
The next cluster consists of newer high-income and upper-middle-income economies, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America and parts of Asia. Countries such as Czechia, Poland, Lithuania, Chile, Uruguay and Malaysia now sit firmly in the global middle or upper-middle of the ranking, reflecting decades of export-led industrialisation, investment in human capital and integration into global value chains. For many of them, convergence with Western Europe in PPP terms has been particularly rapid since the early 2000s.
The lower half of the top 100 is increasingly populated by large emerging markets: China, Brazil, Mexico, Thailand, Peru, Indonesia and others. Their PPP incomes, typically in the USD 14–24 thousand range, are far from the top of the table, but they represent substantial progress compared with the levels observed in the late 20th century. Combining these income levels with relatively high projected growth reinforces the idea that the global middle of the distribution will be shaped by large Asian and Latin American economies over the coming decades.
At the same time, the chart relating GDP per capita to real growth underlines that higher income does not automatically mean faster short-term performance. Many rich economies are projected to grow by around 1–2 percent per year, while parts of South and Southeast Asia may see growth rates closer to 4–6 percent. The key question is whether these higher-growth economies can sustain reforms and investment long enough to complete the convergence process before structural and demographic headwinds start to bite.
Policy takeaway: using GDP per capita (PPP) intelligently
PPP-adjusted GDP per capita is a powerful summary of average income, but it should be interpreted together with distributional, structural and institutional indicators. The ranking is most useful when treated as a starting point for policy questions rather than an end in itself.
- For high-income economies, the priority is to preserve productivity and innovation while closing internal gaps in opportunity and well-being.
- For converging upper-middle-income countries, the main risks are premature de-industrialisation, weak institutions and under-funded education systems that could stall further catch-up.
- Resource-rich economies near the top of the table face a familiar diversification challenge: transforming temporary commodity-driven rents into broad-based human and physical capital.
- Large emerging markets in the lower half of the top 100 must continue to invest in infrastructure, human capital and social protection so that growth in PPP income translates into inclusive improvements in living standards.
- For low-income countries outside the top 100, the ranking highlights the scale of the convergence task and the importance of access to global markets, stable macroeconomic frameworks and effective governance.
From a measurement perspective, users should remember that PPP conversions rely on periodic International Comparison Program benchmarks and model-based extrapolations in between. Over time, revisions to PPP factors can re-order the ranking, particularly for economies where domestic price structures change quickly. For policy analysis, this argues for triangulating GDP per capita (PPP) with complementary metrics such as median household income, multidimensional poverty and measures of human capital.
Primary data sources and technical notes
The figures and rankings used in this StatRanker article are compiled from openly available international datasets. They are harmonised and lightly rounded for comparability and should be treated as analytical estimates rather than official country-specific statistics.
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World Bank — World Development Indicators (WDI)PPP-based GDP per capita series (“GDP per capita, PPP (current international $)”) are the core source for income levels, expressed in constant 2021 international dollars where available.
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD -
International Comparison Program (ICP), World BankProvides the underlying purchasing power parities used to convert national GDP into a common international-dollar metric. The latest benchmark (ICP 2021) is incorporated into recent WDI series.
https://worldbank.org/en/programs/icp -
TheGlobalEconomy.com — GDP per capita, PPP rankingsOffers a consolidated ranking of countries by GDP per capita (PPP) based on World Bank data. The 2024 ranking is used here as the basis for the Top 100 list, interpreted as a 2025 snapshot.
https://www.theglobaleconomy.com/rankings/gdp_per_capita_ppp/ -
IMF — World Economic Outlook (October 2025)Supplies real GDP growth projections for 2025 by country and for country groups. These projections underpin the growth values in the scatter chart and the discussion of global momentum.
https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo -
CIA World Factbook — Real GDP per capita comparisonsProvides additional cross-checks on real GDP per capita levels and rankings using PPP-adjusted measures, especially for smaller and non-OECD economies.
https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/real-gdp-per-capita/country-comparison/ -
Our World in Data — GDP per capita (PPP) time seriesLong-run GDP per capita datasets are used for historical context and to validate convergence patterns mentioned in the text, especially for Europe and major emerging markets.
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/gdp-per-capita-worldbank
All numerical values in the tables and charts are approximate and rounded for clarity. For formal statistical or policy work, readers should always refer back to the original databases and accompanying methodological documentation.
Download assets: Top 100 Economies by GDP per Capita (PPP), 2025
ZIP archive with the underlying data tables and chart images used in this StatRanker flagship ranking. The files are ready for further analysis, custom visualisations or teaching materials.
- Table 1 (CSV): Top 10 economies by GDP per capita, PPP.
- Table 2 (CSV): Full Top 100 economies by GDP per capita, PPP.
- Scatter dataset (CSV): GDP per capita (PPP, thousand int$) vs real GDP growth (2025 projection).
- Excel workbook (XLSX): All datasets in separate sheets (Top10 / Top100 / Scatter).
- Figure 1 (PNG): Bar chart “Top 20 economies by GDP per capita (PPP)”.
- Figure 2 (PNG): Scatter chart “GDP per capita (PPP) vs real GDP growth, selected economies”.
