Top 10 Countries in Olive Oil Production for 2025: A Comprehensive Analysis
Olive oil is a strategic product for the Mediterranean basin and an increasingly global category for health-focused consumers. For a consistent “2025 snapshot”, we use the IOC estimates for the 2024/25 crop year (marketing year October 2024–September 2025). This is the most practical way to compare countries on the same seasonal basis.
Important: olive oil output is highly cyclical (alternate bearing/“vecería”) and weather-sensitive. Rankings can shift materially between seasons.
Top 10 producers: who dominates global supply in the 2024/25 season
Global production is estimated at 3,375,500 tonnes for 2024/25, a strong rebound versus 2023/24. The concentration is striking: the Top 10 countries account for ~91% of world output, meaning that shocks in a few geographies (Spain, Turkey, Tunisia, Greece, Italy, Portugal) can move global availability and prices quickly.
Spain remains the global anchor of supply. When Spain has a strong season, global markets tend to loosen; when Spain is hit by drought/heat, the whole category tightens because few countries can compensate at scale.
Turkey’s position reflects heavy investment in groves and mills over the last decade. Output can swing meaningfully with alternate bearing, but the country has become a structural “top tier” producer.
Tunisia’s industry is strongly linked to export channels (often in bulk). In high-output years, Tunisia can reshape trade flows to the EU and North America.
Greece is a classic example of weather sensitivity: yields can drop sharply under drought stress and rebound with improved rainfall patterns. Strong domestic consumption also influences export availability.
Italy combines premium branding with uneven agronomic conditions across regions. Structural constraints (farm fragmentation, pests, climate stress) make output recovery less predictable than in highly mechanised systems.
Portugal’s rise is closely tied to modern plantation models and improved water management. The country has become a key stabiliser within the EU supply base.
Syria remains a meaningful producer by volume, though trade logistics and geopolitics can limit market reach even when harvests are solid.
Morocco’s production is closely tied to rainfall and heat patterns. Modernisation has helped, but severe drought seasons can compress output.
Algeria is a mid-scale producer with expansion potential. The key constraints are productivity, processing capacity and consistent export channels.
Egypt’s olive sector has expanded in recent years, but olive oil remains a smaller share of the country’s broader agri-output compared with table olives.
Table 1. Top 10 olive oil producers (2024/25 crop year; 2025 snapshot)
Production values are harmonised from IOC estimates for 2024/25. Shares are calculated against the world total of 3,375,500 t.
| Rank | Country | Production (t) | Share of world (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Spain | 1,289,900 | 38.21 |
| 2 | Turkey (Türkiye) | 450,000 | 13.33 |
| 3 | Tunisia | 340,000 | 10.07 |
| 4 | Greece | 250,000 | 7.41 |
| 5 | Italy | 224,000 | 6.64 |
| 6 | Portugal | 195,000 | 5.78 |
| 7 | Syria | 105,000 | 3.11 |
| 8 | Morocco | 90,000 | 2.67 |
| 9 | Algeria | 85,000 | 2.52 |
| 10 | Egypt | 40,000 | 1.19 |
Concentration check: Top 10 total ≈ 3,068,900 t (about 90.9% of world output).
Chart 1. Olive oil production (Top 10 countries), 2024/25
Visual shows the same figures as Table 1. If the chart does not render (ad-blocker / script blocked), the fallback message is displayed and the table remains the primary reference.
Why 2025 looks like a rebound year — and why volatility still matters
According to IOC estimates, world olive oil production rises to 3.375 million tonnes in the 2024/25 crop year, after a much lower 2023/24 outcome. Rebounds of this scale typically occur when weather normalises after drought stress and when key producing zones align with a positive phase of alternate bearing.
Three insights help explain market behaviour in 2025:
- Extreme concentration: Top 10 producers supply ~91% of global output.
- Spain is the swing factor: changes in Spain’s harvest dominate global availability.
- Trade is global: even when production is regional, consumption is spread across Europe, North America and beyond.
Table 2. World balance vs EU balance (IOC estimates, 2024/25)
Values are from the IOC “estimated balance” for 2024/25. EU imports/exports in IOC reporting are shown as extra-EU (extra-Community) trade, which matters for interpreting trade flows.
| Block | Production (t) | Imports (t) | Consumption (t) | Exports (t) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| World | 3,375,500 | 1,207,500 | 3,064,500 | 1,293,500 |
| European Union (EU) | 1,973,000 | 215,000 | 1,326,500 | 715,000 |
Interpretation: even as the EU is a net exporter, it is also a large importer in extra-EU trade terms because of processing, blending and re-export patterns.
Figure 2. Short trend: world production (2022/23–2024/25)
The IOC reports that world output was around 2.760 Mt in 2022/23, then 2.564 Mt in 2023/24, before the rebound to 3.376 Mt in 2024/25. This swing illustrates why “one-year” narratives often mislead in olive markets: structural capacity matters, but year-to-year weather and biological cycles remain decisive.
If the chart is blocked, the exact numbers are shown in the fallback text above.
Interpretation: what this ranking really tells you in 2025
The 2024/25 ranking is more than a “who is #1” list. It highlights the structure of global supply: a Mediterranean core with a small number of countries capable of producing at scale, plus a second tier of mid-size producers where local weather and investment cycles dominate outcomes.
What this means for the reader (practical context):
- Price sensitivity is structural: when Spain or Turkey swings, the world balance moves.
- “Availability” ≠ “production”: domestic consumption and trade policy shape exports.
- Quality and volume are different stories: the biggest producer is not automatically the most premium origin.
- Expect year-to-year re-ordering: alternate bearing makes multi-year averages more informative than single-year ranks.
Methodology (how we calculated the ranking)
- Ranking metric: olive oil production volume (tonnes).
- Reference season: 2024/25 crop year (Oct 2024–Sep 2025), used as a “2025 snapshot”.
- Primary source: International Olive Council (IOC) estimated balance tables for 2024/25.
- Country selection: countries with explicit production values in IOC reporting (EU producers are listed individually where provided).
- Shares: computed as country production divided by world production total (IOC world total 3,375,500 t).
- Rounding: displayed to the nearest 100 t in text and exact integers in tables; shares rounded to two decimals.
- Limitations: estimates can be revised; national definitions and reporting lags vary; trade values may reflect extra-EU flows for the EU line.
Key takeaways (analytics, not “two lines”)
1) The world market is “Spain-centric”. Spain alone accounts for roughly 38% of world output in 2024/25. This dominance means that climate stress in Iberia often becomes a global headline, not a regional issue.
2) Turkey and Tunisia form a powerful second tier. Together they contribute a bit over 23% of global production, which is large enough to shift trade routes when one of them has a bumper crop.
3) EU supply is strong, but trade is complex. The EU is both a major producer and an active trader in olive oil, including processing and re-export patterns. This is why “imports” do not necessarily contradict “net exporter” status in trade statistics.
4) The bottom of the Top 10 matters for resilience, not dominance. Countries like Morocco, Algeria and Egypt do not set global supply on their own, but they can soften regional shortages and help diversify sourcing.
FAQ (живым языком)
Why is the ranking based on a “crop year” and not a calendar year?
Olive oil output follows harvest seasons. A crop/marketing year aligns production, consumption and trade into a coherent seasonal balance (for 2024/25: October 2024 to September 2025).
Can the ranking change a lot from one year to the next?
Yes. Two drivers dominate: weather (drought, heat waves, rainfall timing) and alternate bearing (natural cyclical yields). That is why multi-year averages are often used for planning and risk management.
Does higher production mean “better” olive oil?
Not necessarily. Production volume measures quantity, not sensory profile, quality classification (EVOO vs refined), or origin certifications. Large producers can be excellent — but premium segments depend on varieties, milling practices, freshness and standards.
Why do some countries export a lot even if they are not top producers?
Exports reflect the combination of production, domestic consumption, and trade/logistics roles. Some markets specialise in bottling, blending, or re-exporting. So the export map is not identical to the production map.
Are the numbers “final”?
They are IOC estimates for the season and may be updated as countries finalise reporting. For official policy or procurement decisions, always cross-check the newest IOC release and national statistics.
Sources (official / primary)
-
International Olive Council (IOC) — World market of olive oil & table olives (production and balance notes).
https://www.internationaloliveoil.org/world-market-of-olive-oil-and-table-olives-data-from-december-2024/ -
International Olive Council (IOC) — Key figures on the world market for olive oils (balance table; 2024/25 estimates).
https://www.internationaloliveoil.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/120-HO-2024.pdf -
USDA FAS (context cross-check) — EU olive oil production update (market intelligence on EU conditions).
https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/Report/DownloadReportByFileName?fileName=EU+Olive+Oil+Production+Update+2024_Madrid_European+Union_PO2024-0004.pdf
Note: links are provided for transparency and reproducibility. Tables in this article are derived from the IOC 2024/25 estimated balance and are formatted for readability (including mobile-friendly card layout).
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The archive includes the tables used in this ranking (CSV + XLSX) and exported chart images (PNG) for reuse in reports or presentations.
