| Global trade (goods + services) |
33.00 |
USD trillions |
2024 |
Signals overall demand and cross-border activity; services growth matters for cities and skilled labor markets. |
| Digitally delivered services exports |
4.25 |
USD trillions |
2023 |
Shows the scale of “weightless” trade; local firms can export knowledge work without shipping goods. |
| Intermediate goods share of trade (ex-fuels) |
52 |
Percent |
Q4 2023 |
High share implies deep supply-chain interdependence—local factories depend on imported components and foreign buyers. |
| FDI inflows to developing economies |
867 |
USD billions |
2023 |
FDI brings capital, networks, and know-how, but also reflects confidence and policy risk. |
| EU CBAM definitive phase |
|
Policy milestone |
Starts 2026-01-01 |
Expands embedded-emissions reporting and introduces payment obligations for covered goods, influencing supplier selection and pricing. |